In Pursuit of the Greatest Happiness: Democracy, Liberty, and Utilitarianism       OBJECTIVES:   1. Be able to discuss Locke=s view of the limits, purposes, and function of government (see earlier outline).   2. Be able to discuss Locke=s influence on Thomas Jefferson.   3. Be able to point out the Lockean ideas in the Declaration of Independence.   4. Be able to discuss De Tocqueville=s account of American Democracy and his position on the problems as well as the advantages of it.   5. Be able to discuss John Stuart Mill=s arguments for Utilitarianism, and to explain how Utilitarianism is a justification of democracy.   6. Be able to discuss problems with Mill=s analysis of human behavior, morals, and the behavior of humans in society.      OUTLINE   I. John Locke (See previous outline)   II. Locke and Jefferson   A. The Declaration of Independence B. Jefferson=s modifications C. Right to Rebellion: argument   III. De Tocqueville on Democracy   A. Is equality a good thing? B. Impact of equality no progress and creativity? C. Is American Democracy an Improvement?   III. John Stuart Mill   A. Overall contributions B. Mill=s childhood C. Influence of Bentham   i) David Hume=s notion of utility ii) sentiment in morality iii) ought and is   D. The greatest happiness principle   A. Creation of laws B. Problems and Issues: i) Assumptions: do we really desire just those things that are pleasurable? ii) Assumptions: Principle of Association iii) How do we measure pleasure? iv) How do we distinguish one pleasure from another? a) are there higher or lower pleasures? b) those who can and cannot judge between pleasures c) education as key to improvement d) values of the past vs. those of the present v) Will we give up everything for pleasure?   C. Justification of Majority Rule vs. Individual Liberties   i) weighing the needs of the individual against those of society ii) is altruism a pleasure? iii) when liberties can and cannot be abridged iv) how do we predict the consequences of an action? a) CAN we predict all the consequences of an action? v) Assumptions: predictability of human behavior?   E. Method of arriving at greatest happiness principle   i) deducing Aought@ from Ais@